The Origin of Flags

May 17, 2009

The historical origin of flags dates back to around 1000 BC, when the Egyptians used primitive versions of flags – some were even made out of wood or metal. Flags were originally used for the purpose of identification or to signal to others. Although flags are still used for many of those reasons today, flags have also come to be used for much more.

Flags have also been important symbols on land as well as on sea. Ships started using flags at sea to signal to each other and to harbors, often to let them know they had an infectious or diseased crew aboard. Flags are still used today to let sailors know what weather conditions await at sea. The military also made use of flags to rally its troops. In military times, capturing an enemy’s flag was considered an honorable seizure.

Although the most popular use of flags today is to identify the world’s countries, the use of national flags didn’t become commonplace until the 18th century. National flags are now used to identify each country and their symbolism.

When Mount Everest and the moon were conquered, and when new found lands were discovered, explorers would raise flags as signs of their being the first to tread these unchartered lands. Flags have also been used historically, many with negative consequences. For example, ancient pirates used flags decorated with the feared skull and crossbones emblem, and the Nazis used a flag decorated with a swastika.

Today, flags are still used to signify crucial events. For example, if you are offside in a soccer game, the linesman raises his flag, or when an auto race begins a flag is traditionally waved to start the race.

In fact, the numerous uses for flags and their examination have become so popular that the practice of ‘vexillology’, which means the academic study of flags, has been developed.


History of Flag Flying Holidays

May 16, 2009

January

lp_holidays_hnyJanuary 1 (New Year’s Day) – New Year’s Day celebrates the beginning of a new year according to the Gregorian calendar which is generally accepted in the USA. It is normally accompanied by fireworks and kisses at the turn of 12 AM. New York holds the largest celebration in New York where the “ball” drops at the turn of midnight

lp_holidays_inagurationJanuary 20th (Inauguration day) – Inauguration Day occurs every 4 years and coincides with the inauguration of new presidents. The last Inauguration Day to take place was on January 20th, 2009 with President Barack Obama. The Holiday was first established to take place on March 4th of the Inauguration year and was celebrated on that date from 1978 through 1933. Following the ratification of the 20th Amendment; however, the date was changed to January 20th. When the 20th occurs on a Sunday, the day is then pushed to the 21st (Monday). The next Inauguration day will take place on January 20th, 2013.

lp_holidays_mlkMartin Luther King Jr. (3rd Monday in January)Martin Luther King Jr. Day is celebrated on the 3rd Monday of each January despite his true birthday being January 15th, 1929. It commemorates Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a leader and chief spokesperson for non-violent activism during the Civil Rights movement. Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in 1968 and the Holiday was first signed into law by Ronald Reagan in 1983 but was not observed until 1986.

February

lp_holidays_presidentialPresident’s Day (3rd Monday in February) – President’s Day was first established by Congress in 1880 to honor George Washington and was originally celebrated on February 22nd, the actual birth date of George Washington (1732). It was later changed to President’s Day to honor the Presidency position in general.

April

lp_holidays_easterEaster Sunday (April 4th, 2010) – Easter is celebrated on the 1st Sunday of April following the first full moon of the vernal equinox. It is considered by many to be one of the most important Holidays in the Christian religion marking the resurrection of Jesus Christ. The next celebration will take place on April 4th, 2010.

May

lp_holidays_mothersMothers Day (Second Sunday in May) – Mother’s Day was first established by Anna Jarvis on May 12, 1907 following the passing of her mother. After campaigning, she succeeded in making Mother’s Day recognized nationally in 1914. Remember to give thanks to all the Mothers on May 9th, which marks the next time it will be recognized.

lp_holidays_pdbadgePeace Officers Memorial Day (May 15th, 2010) – Peace Officers Memorial Day pays tribute to all of the Federal, State, and local peace officers who protect us from crime, harm, and terrorism. It is recognized on May 15th and gives thanks to the many of officers have paid the ultimate price for the protection of our freedoms. The flag is to be flown at half-staff on this day.

lp_holidays_memdayMemorial Day (Last Monday in May) – Memorial Day is observed on the last Monday of May each year. It honors those who have served and died while serving in the US Military. It was first enacted in 1868 following the Civil War and flags are asked to be served at half-staff until noon local time. Then, the flag is raised to its normal height. It will be next recognized on May 31, 2010.

June

lp_holiday_flagdayFlag Day (June 14th) – The United State Flag Day celebrates the adoption of the flag of the United States of America which occurred on June 14, 1777. Flag Day was proclaimed a Holiday by Woodrow Wilson in August of 1949 yet is not recognized as a Federal holiday.


July

lp_holiday_july4thIndependence Day (July 4th) – Independence Day is celebrated every July 4th in the United States and represents the independence of the 13 original colonies from the British. It was originally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4th, 1776 and the Declaration was mainly written by Thomas Jefferson. July 4th has become one of the largest Holidays in the US and is often characterized by fireworks and the red, white, and blue as well as flying the American Flag.

September

lp_holiday_labordayLabor Day (1st Monday in September)Labor Day is celebrated on the 1st Monday of September every year. Labor Day was originally created when Peter J McGuire witnessed a Canadian celebration of the “Nine Hour Movement”, a movement to establish labor laws in Canada…then returned to New York to organize the first Labor Day on September 5th, 1882. It was originally marked by parades and was established to honor the many achievements and inventions of the American workers. It will next be observed on September 6th, 2010.

lp_holidays_patriotPatriot Day (September 11th) – Patriot Day occurs on September 11 of each year. It honors the many lives lost in the Sept. 11 attack of 2001 and was originally signed into law on December 18, 2001 by President George W. Bush. It is marked by flying flags at half-staff throughout the day at homes, government offices, and the White House. Also, we are asked to observe a moment of silence at 8:46 AM which marks the time when the first plane hit the World Trade Center.

lp_holidays_wethepeopleConstitution Day (September 17th) – Constitution Day is recognized on September 17th of each year and is in observance of the ratification of the Constitution of the United States. September 17th marks the date when Constitution was signed by Constitutional Convention in 1787. The law establishing Constitution Day was not created until 2004 though. When the 17th falls on a weekend, schools and other institutions will recognize the Holiday on an adjacent weekday, either the Friday before or Monday following.

lp_holidays_powmiaPOW/MIA Recognition Day (3rd Friday in September) – National POW/MIA Recognition Day is celebrated on the 3rd Friday of each September. Designed to honor all of the prisoners of war and those missing in action, it is one of the only Holidays where the black and white POW/MIA flag “federal facilities and cemeteries, post offices, and military installations”. The next POW/MIA Recognition Day will be on Sept. 18th, 2009.

October

lp_holidays_columbusColumbus Day (2nd Monday in October; October 12th at Foreign Service posts) – Columbus Day celebrates the anniversary of Christopher Columbus’ arrival into the Americas on October 12, 1492. It is not only recognized by the US, but also by many countries in the “New World”. In the US, It was first officially celebrated by Colorado in 1905 and became a Federal holiday in 1970.

November

lp_holidays_vetdayVeterans Day (November 11th) – Give thanks to all of the brave men and women who have served in the US Military on Veterans Day this November 11th. It was first proclaimed as Armistice Day on November 12, 1919 by Woodrow Wilson. It was officially changed to Veterans Day on November 8th, 1954 replacing Armistice with Veterans to honor all veterans throughout each war of the United States. When November 11th falls on a Sunday, the Holiday day off is pushed to the following Monday.

lp_holidays_thanksgivingThanksgiving (4th Thursday in November) – Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the 4th Thursday of each November and was originally designed to give thanks for the reaped harvest of the autumn. Thanksgiving dinner is common and is generally eaten with friends and family.

December

lp_holidays_pearlhPearl Harbor Remembrance Day (December 7th) – Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day takes place each year on December 7th, the date of the Pearl Harbor attacks in 1941. It is designed to give thanks and remembrance for the many service men and women who lost their lives on that day. Pearl Harbor marks the second worst foreign attack on American soil behind 9/11/01. Flags are asked to be flown at half-staff on this day.

lp_holiday_hristmasChristmas Day (December 25th) – Christmas is generally regarded as the largest Holiday in the USA and is characterized by presents and gifts given between people. This holiday is designed to celebrate the birth of Jesus of Nazareth. It occurs on December 25th of each year. The holiday is characterized with presents, Christmas trees, and food.


Symbols of the American Flag

April 8, 2009

U.S. Flag

U.S. Flag

Today’s flag consists of thirteen horizontal stripes – seven red stripes alternating with 6 white. The stripes represent the original 13 colonies. The stars represent the 50 states of the Union. The colors of the flag are symbolic as well:

  • red symbolizes hardiness and valor
  • white symbolizes purity and innocence
  • blue represents vigilance, perseverance and justice.

Lifespan of a flag

April 8, 2009

Inspect your flag regularly for signs of wear, especially for thread breaks in the “fly” end. Trimming off and re-hemming torn or frayed ends will help extend the life of your flag.

The U.S. Government generally expects a nylon or cotton bunting flag to last approximately 90 days, based on daily usage from sunrise to sunset. Periods of inclement weather will shorten this lifespan. In some cases a flag flown 24 hours a day will last only 1/4 as long as one flown during the daylight hours only.

Good care can greatly prolong a flag’s lifespan, so be sure to regularly clean your flag.

To learn more about flag longevity, please click here.


The Star Bangled Flag House

April 8, 2009

The Flag House

The Flag House

The Flag House is located on the northwest corner of Albemarle and Pratt Streets in Baltimore, Maryland.

It was the home of Mary Pickersgill from 1807 to 1857, and it was where she made the original “Star-Spangled Banner,” which measured 30 by 42 feet. The stripes were two feet wide and the stars were two feet from point to point. Mrs. Pickersgill was paid $405.90 for her services. The flag was delivered to Fort McHenry on August 19, 1813, a full year before the Battle of Baltimore.

The flag bears the autograph of Lt. Col. George Armistead as well as the date of the British bombardment. It remained in the Armistead family for many years and then loaned to the Smithsonian for an official display in 1907. On December 19, 1912, it was donated to the Smithsonian where it is now on permanent exhibit. Although the flag was reduced in size in order to repair and preserve it in 1914, the reinforcement technique used has preserved its existence.

The Flag House is a National Historic Landmark, and is operated by an independent non-profit association.


Purchase an American Flag Flown Over the Capitol

April 8, 2009
capitolbuilding

U.S. Capitol Building

Did you know that you can purchase a flag that has been flown over the Capitol? You can even specify that you want one that was flown on a certain day.

You can purchase one of these flags by getting in touch with your Senator. Click here to find your Senators’ websites and this is where you will find the order information.

You will also receive a certificate signed by the Architect of the Capitol with each flag. Flags are available for purchase in sizes of 3′ x 5′ or 5′ x 8′ in fabrics of cotton and nylon.


American Flag Folding Ceremony

April 8, 2009

Flag Folding Ceremony

Flag Folding Ceremony

Have you ever noticed how the color guard pays meticulous attention to correctly folding the American flag 13 times? Did you think it symbolized the original 13 colonies? It actually represents something different.

The 1st fold of our flag is a symbol of life.

The 2nd fold is a symbol of our belief in eternal life.

The 3rd fold is made in honor and remembrance of the veterans departing our ranks who gave a portion of their lives for the defense of our country to attain peace throughout the world.

The 4th fold represents our weaker nature, for as American citizens trusting in God, it is to Him we turn in times of peace as well as in time of war for His divine guidance.

The 5th fold is a tribute to our country, for in the words of Stephen Decatur, “Our Country, in dealing with other countries, may she always be right; but it is still our country, right or wrong.”

The 6th fold is for where our hearts lie. It is with our heart that We pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with Liberty and Justice for all.

The 7th fold is a tribute to our Armed Forces, for it is through the Armed Forces that we protect our country and our flag against all her enemies, whether they be found within or without the boundaries of our republic.

The 8th fold is a tribute to the one who entered into the valley of the shadow of death, that we might see the light of day.

The 9th fold is a tribute to womanhood, and Mothers. For it has been through their faith, their love, loyalty and devotion that the character of the men and women who have made this country great, have been molded.

The 10th fold is a tribute to the father, for he, too, has given his sons and daughters for the defense of our country since they were first born.

The 11th fold represents the lower portion of the seal of King David and King Solomon and glorifies in the Hebrews’ eyes, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

The 12th fold represents an emblem of eternity and glorifies, in the Christians’ eyes, God the Father, the Son and Holy Spirit.

The 13th fold, or when the flag is completely folded, the stars are uppermost reminding us of our nation’s motto, “In God We Trust”.

After the flag is completely folded and tucked in, it takes on the appearance of a cocked hat.

From the US Air Force Academy


How to Obtain a Burial Flag for a Veteran

April 8, 2009

Dept. of Veterans Affairs

Dept. of Veterans Affairs

Any honorably discharged veteran is entitled to a burial flag. The funeral director can make the arrangements. The flag may be used to cover the casket and it is presented to the family as a keepsake.

The local office of the Department of Veterans’ Affairs can also provide information on the procedure for obtaining a flag for a deceased veteran.


American Flag Flying Holidays

April 8, 2009

Flag Flying Dates

Flag Flying Dates

It is permissible to fly the American Flag any and every day of the year, but we especially recommend that all Americans fly the flag on special holidays and historically significant dates.

The flag is a symbol of U.S. freedom, the very foundation of which our country was built. This foundation is strengthened by the servicemen and women currently deployed oversees and those defending our shores, and by the thousands who have given their lives to defend the liberties we enjoy. Fly the Amercian flag on these dates:

New Year’s Day – January 1
Martin Luther King Day – 3rd Monday in January
Inauguration Day – January 20
Lincoln’s Birthday – February 12
Washington’s Birthday – 3rd Monday in February
Easter Sunday – Variable
Patriots’ Day – 3rd Monday in April
Mother’s Day – 2nd Sunday in May
Peace Officers Memorial Day – May 19 (fly at half-mast)
Armed Forces Day – 3rd Saturday in May
Memorial Day – Last Monday in May (fly at half-mast)
Flag Day – June 14
Father’s Day – 3rd Sunday in June
Independence Day – July 4
Korean War Veterans Day – July 27
Labor Day – 1st Monday in September
Patriot Day / Sept 11 – September 11 (fly at half-mast)
Constitution Day – September 17
Gold Star Mother’s Day – Last Sunday in September
Columbus Day – 2nd Monday in October
Navy Day – October 27
Election Day – 1st Tuesday in November
Veteran’s Day – November 11
Thanksgiving Day – 4th Thursday in November
Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day – December 7 (fly at half-mast)
Christmas Day – December 25


Gold Star Mothers Day

September 20, 2008
Gold Star Service Banner

Gold Star Service Banner

Grace Seibold lost her son in WWI and organized a group of mothers who were going through the same grief which was named the American Gold Star Mothers, Inc. This name came from the custom of families of servicemen hanging a banner called a Service Flag in the window of their homes. The Service Flag had a star for each family member in the military. Families hung a blue star on the Service Flag for those that were living and a gold star in honor of the deceased veteran. On May 28, 1918, President Wilson approved that American women should wear a black band on the left arm and a yellow star on the band for each member of the family who had died while serving in the military.

Congress approved on June 23, 1936 that the last Sunday in September be designated as Gold Star Mother’s Day due to the “American Gold Star Mothers suffering supreme sacrifice in the loss of their sons and daughters in World Wars” as it is said in the Public Resolution 123.

Membership today is open to any American woman whose son or daughter has died in the line of duty while in the US Armed Forces. Stepmothers and adoptive mothers are eligible for membership too. Husbands and childrenla of American Gold Star Mothers can become Associate Members who do not vote or pay dues.

The Gold Star Mothers provide emotional support for each other and they have a huge sense of patriotism. They have always been involved in a lot of volunteer work and continue to do so.


Auto Racing Flags

June 5, 2008

Checkered Flag

Checkered Flag

Racing flags were first used in motor sports around 1899.They are an historic and essential part of racing to keep the fans and drivers informed of what is happening on the track at any given time. Flags tell the drivers what is going on during practice, qualifying and racing, and they also warn of driving conditions and let the drivers know what the officials want them to do.

The colors and meanings of auto racing flags originate from old shipping ports, which used flags to signal to incoming and outgoing ships. You must understand the meaning of the flags to be fully aware of what is happening on the track.

Auto racing flags have different meanings in various racing series and sometimes even from track to track. Stationary and waving flags can have different meanings as can a flag pointed at a specific driver, so it’s important the officials display the flags in their correct manner.

Red Flag: This flag is used at the start line to stop a practice session or a race. It may also be used to close the circuit. When shown, all drivers should slow down immediately and move to the pit lane and be prepared to stop. There is no passing allowed on this flag.

Black and White Checkered Flag: This flag is used to end a practice session or the race.

Black Flag: This flag is used to let the driver know he must stop at his pit. If the driver fails to stop, the flag should not be shown for more than four consecutive laps.

Black flag with an orange circle in the middle: This flag is used to inform a driver his car has mechanical problems that could be dangerous and thus, to stop at his pit to have the problems rectified.

Black and White Diagonal Flag: This flag is used to warn a driver he has been accused of unsportsmanlike behavior and should be shown only once.

Danger Flag: This flag is used to signify danger. Drivers should slow down, not pass and be ready to change direction due to a hazard beside or on the track.

Yellow Flag with Red Stripes: This flag is used to let drivers know there is oil or water on the track ahead. It should be displayed for at least four laps.

Passing Flag: This flag is used to let a driver know he is about to be passed. It has different meanings in practice and a race. In practice it means give way to a car that is passing you. In a race it means you are about to be lapped and to give way to the car.

White Flag: This flag is used to let drivers know there is a much slower auto ahead.

Green Flag: This flag is used to indicate the track is clear and should be used after the use of a yellow flag. It can also be used to start a warm-up lap or practice session.


Why is the flag worn backwards on US Military uniforms?

May 9, 2008
American Flag on Uniform

American Flag on Uniform

The flag is not actually worn backwards. When sewn on military uniforms, the flag is placed on the right shoulder. This gives the effect that the flag is flying in the breeze as the service person moves forward. More information and specific documentation on the proper use and placement of all military patches and flags on military uniforms is readily available; refer to Army Regulation 670-1, “Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia.”


Frequently Asked Flag Questions

January 1, 2008

What is the most popular color on flags?
Red is the most popular color being found on approximately 75 per cent of all national flags of the world. White is present on about 70 per cent of the flags and blue is common on approximately 50 per cent of the flags.

Why are flags hoisted on the left hand side?
It is common to read from left to right, but in some Middle Eastern countries such as Saudi Arabia, where reading is done from right to left, the hoist is on the right side of the flag.

Where is the biggest flag in the world and how big is it?
The largest flag ever flown was a flag of the USA which measured 255 ft. by 505 ft. (78m by 154m). It was hoisted vertically on cables across Hoover Dam to celebrate the 1996 Olympic Torch Relay. According to Dr. William Crampton, the largest flag that constantly flies is the flag of Brazil, in Brasilia; the country’s capital. This flag is 230 ft. by 328 ft. (70m by 100m).

Why do some national flags have a coat of arms on some versions of the flag but not on other versions?
Many countries with flags that display a coat of arms use that version as a state flag and they remove the coat of arms to make their civil flag, to be used by the country’s citizens. Examples of this include Spain and Ecuador.

Why are the proportions of flags so different throughout the world?
There isn’t a correct or universal proportion for any flag as each one is unique. There are a few trends in flag proportions based on some influential flags. Flags based on the French flag copy its proportions of 2:3, German flags are 3:5, U.S. flags are 10:19, and Russian, Commonwealth of Nations, and communist flags use 1:2.

Why do some country’s flags look the same as others?
Some flags look the same out of pure coincidence and other flags are similar because of the nation’s geographical location or religious beliefs. Many colonial flags, such as British Commonwealth countries are also similar to each other. Eg. Many flags of Islamic nations will use the color green to signify their religious beliefs while many British Commonwealth countries may have the British Union Jack incorporated into their national flag.

When was the first flag made?
Ancient flags were made out of materials such as wood, metal and stone. The oldest preserved textile flag is a crude Roman cloth that was found in Egypt and historians figure it dates back to the third century AD.


The Use of Military Flags

June 10, 2007

The use of military flags goes back hundreds of years, but it was probably in the Middle Ages that it became popular for warriors to carry flags with them into battle. When soldiers were all dressed up in their suits of armor it was difficult to tell who was who, so the introduction of military flags in battle was basically to let you know who your friends and enemies were.

As time progressed most of the world’s Armed Forces had their own individual flags designed for them. There are flags that represent each branch of the military, the navy or army etc. as a whole. Then there are flags that represent different Brigades, divisions, squadrons, officers and more within each of those branches. There are literally dozens of military flags including ones for the Military Police, Army bands, and Military Chapel.

The United States has flags for the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force and the Coast Guard; with the Army, Navy and Marine Corps flags being first created in 1775. These flags have been flown and used in every battle the US has fought, even during the country’s own civil war.

Another US military flag that is quite popular is the POW MIA flag, which symbolizes American prisoners of war and all those who have gone missing in action. The flag was created in 1971, by a former World War II pilot, and although it grew from the Vietnam War it has come to represent all of those missing in action, back to World War II; a group of almost 90,000 people.

The US also has a military flag which represents all of its armed forces. There is also a Service Star Flags/Banner which is flown by the families of people serving in the forces during times of war.